This is the sixth in a series of posts featuring the WCF Facility:
Windsor WCF Integration
WCF / Windsor Integration: Using the perWebRequest lifestyle
WCF / Windsor Integration: Adding Behaviours
Atom feeds with the Windsor WCF Facility
Windsor WCF Facility: MessageAction and MessageEnvelopeAction
Download the code for this post here:
http://static.mikehadlow.com/Suteki.Blog.zip
A while back I started writing a series of posts on Multi-tenancy. This is the idea that a single instance of your application can host multiple clients with varying requirements. An IoC container such as Windsor is an excellent enabling technology for doing this. It allows you to compose varying object graphs at runtime depending on some context.
For example, I recently had a client with an integration requirement to a legacy system that they had developed in house. The legacy system was deployed with one instance in London and another in New York. The US and UK requirements differed slightly and so two versions of the application had been developed. I wanted a single service that could handle the needs for both legacy systems. Since they were 90% similar it made sense to simply swap in different components for where they differed.
In this post I want to show how to host a single instance of a service that can compose different components depending on the host name.
Say we have two domain names: red.shop and blue.shop. We can configure IIS with the two host headers (bindings):
The first thing to notice when you do this with a standard WCF setup, is that you get an error:
“This collection already contains an address with scheme http. There can be at most one address per scheme in this collection.” That’s right, WCF doesn’t play nicely with multiple host headers/bindings. This is a major complaint and Microsoft have gone some way to resolving it by providing a mechanism where you can specify a single address that service will listen for. Unfortunately that doesn’t help us. We want to listen for any request arriving at the service and then use its hostname to compose our components.
There is a workaround. The addresses for an endpoint are passed from IIS to WCF via the ServiceHostFactory. If you intercept this and pass an empty list of addresses, WCF falls back to using configured endpoint addresses.
All we need to do is write a custom ServiceHostFactory that grabs the addresses and then configures our service component with multiple endpoints. The WCF Facility already provides a custom ServiceHostFactory, the WindsorServiceHostFactory, so we can simply specialise that:
1: using System;
2: using System.Collections.Generic;
3: using System.Diagnostics;
4: using System.ServiceModel;
5: using Castle.Facilities.WcfIntegration;
6: using Castle.MicroKernel;
7: using Suteki.Blog.Multitenanted.IoC;
8:
9: namespace Suteki.Blog.Multitenanted.Wcf
10: {
11: public class MultitenantedServiceHostFactory : WindsorServiceHostFactory<DefaultServiceModel>
12: {
13: public MultitenantedServiceHostFactory(){ }
14:
15: public MultitenantedServiceHostFactory(IKernel kernel)
16: : base(kernel)
17: { }
18:
19: public override ServiceHostBase CreateServiceHost(string constructorString, Uri[] baseAddresses)
20: {
21: AddEndpoints(constructorString, baseAddresses);
22:
23: // passing no baseAddresses forces WCF to use the endpoint address
24: return base.CreateServiceHost(constructorString, new Uri[0]);
25: }
26:
27: protected override ServiceHost CreateServiceHost(Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses)
28: {
29: AddEndpoints(serviceType, baseAddresses);
30: return base.CreateServiceHost(serviceType, new Uri[0]);
31: }
32:
33: private static void AddEndpoints(Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses)
34: {
35: var handler = ContainerBuilder.GlobalKernel.GetHandler(serviceType);
36: AddEnpoints(baseAddresses, handler);
37: }
38:
39: private static void AddEndpoints(string constructorString, Uri[] baseAddresses)
40: {
41: var handler = ContainerBuilder.GlobalKernel.GetHandler(constructorString);
42: AddEnpoints(baseAddresses, handler);
43: }
44:
45: private static void AddEnpoints(Uri[] baseAddresses, IHandler handler)
46: {
47: var endpoints = new List<IWcfEndpoint>();
48:
49: // create an endpoint for each base address
50: foreach (var uri in baseAddresses)
51: {
52: endpoints.Add(WcfEndpoint.BoundTo(new BasicHttpBinding()).At(uri.ToString()));
53: }
54:
55: // add the endpoints to the service
56: handler.ComponentModel.CustomDependencies.Add(
57: Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
58: new DefaultServiceModel().Hosted().AddEndpoints(endpoints.ToArray()));
59: }
60: }
61: }
All the action happens in the final AddEndpoints method. We use the WCF Facility’s fluent configuration to create an endpoint for each address that IIS gives us (effectively an address for each host header) and then add the endpoints to the Kernel’s component model for the service that is being hosted.
Note that I’m simply adding a custom dependency to the component model. The WCF Facility automatically searches the hosted component’s custom dependencies for service models. The DefaultServiceModel simply specifies the WCF BasicHttpBinding.
Note also that I have to use a service locator (ContainerBuilder.GlobalKernel) to get a reference to the Kernel because the WindsorServiceHostFactory’s kernel field is private rather than protected. It would be nice if this could be changed…. Craig?
Next we need to alter our svc file to point to our custom ServiceHostFactory:
<%@ ServiceHost Service="blogService" Factory="Suteki.Blog.Multitenanted.Wcf.MultitenantedServiceHostFactory, Suteki.Blog.Multitenanted" %>
Now we can happily call the service from both http://red.shop/BlogService.svc and http://blue.shop/BlogService.svc.
If you simply want your service to work with multiple bindings this is all you have to do. However, as I described above, we might also want to compose our service based on the hostname.
For that we need to write an IHandlerSelector that can choose components based on the current host name. I’ve written about how to this in a web application here. Please read that first if you haven’t encountered IHandlerSelector before. We use a similar approach, but this time we are going to use the very handy Windsor NamingPartsSubSystem to give our components a hostname parameter that we use to match on.
1: using System;
2: using System.Linq;
3: using System.Diagnostics;
4: using System.ServiceModel;
5: using Castle.MicroKernel;
6:
7: namespace Suteki.Blog.Multitenanted.IoC
8: {
9: public class HostBasedComponentSelector : IHandlerSelector
10: {
11: private readonly IKernel kernel;
12:
13: public HostBasedComponentSelector(IKernel kernel)
14: {
15: this.kernel = kernel;
16: }
17:
18: public bool HasOpinionAbout(string key, Type service)
19: {
20: if (OperationContext.Current == null) return false;
21:
22: var componentKey = GetComponentKeyWithHostnameParameter(key, service);
23: return kernel.HasComponent(componentKey);
24: }
25:
26: private static string GetComponentKeyWithHostnameParameter(string key, Type service)
27: {
28: if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
29: {
30: key = service.Name;
31: }
32:
33: var hostname = OperationContext.Current.Channel.LocalAddress.Uri.Host;
34: return string.Format("{0}:host={1}", key, hostname);
35: }
36:
37: public IHandler SelectHandler(string key, Type service, IHandler[] handlers)
38: {
39: return handlers.First(h => h.ComponentModel.Name == GetComponentKeyWithHostnameParameter(key, service));
40: }
41: }
42: }
1: public static IWindsorContainer Build()
2: {
3: var container = new WindsorContainer();
4: container.Kernel.AddSubSystem(SubSystemConstants.NamingKey, new NamingPartsSubSystem());
5:
6: var debug = new ServiceDebugBehavior
7: {
8: IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults = true
9: };
10:
11: container.AddFacility<WcfFacility>()
12: .Register(
13: Component.For<IServiceBehavior>().Instance(debug),
14: Component.For<ILogger>().ImplementedBy<DefaultLogger>().Named("ILogger:host=blue.shop"),
15: Component.For<ILogger>().ImplementedBy<AlternativeLogger>().Named("ILogger:host=red.shop"),
16: Component
17: .For<IBlogService>()
18: .ImplementedBy<DefaultBlogService>()
19: .Named("blogService")
20: .LifeStyle.Transient
21: );
22:
23: container.Kernel.AddHandlerSelector(new HostBasedComponentSelector(container.Kernel));
24: GlobalKernel = container.Kernel;
25: return container;
26: }
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